Managing dietary phosphorus and potassium in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires balancing evidence-based restrictions with the patient’s nutritional needs and quality of life. This session will explore physiologic mechanisms contributing to hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia in CKD, while examining differences in bioavailability between natural and additive sources of potassium and phosphorus. Participants will learn about medications that contribute to phosphate burden, as well as those used in managing hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia. Practical strategies will be discussed to help clinicians guide patients in modifying their diets to maintain potassium and phosphate control while promoting greater dietary freedom and improved nutritional status.